He aha ka ʻāpana uila?

ʻO nā ʻāpana kumu i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hana ʻana a hōʻuluʻulu paha i ka mīkini uila i kapa ʻia nā ʻāpana uila, a ʻo nā ʻāpana he kanaka kūʻokoʻa i nā kaʻa uila.
Aia kekahi ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā ʻāpana uila a me nā mea hana?

He ʻoiaʻiʻo ke hoʻokaʻawale nei kekahi poʻe i nā ʻāpana uila ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana a me nā mea hana mai nā hiʻohiʻona like ʻole.

Hoʻokaʻawale kekahi poʻe iā lākou mai ka manaʻo hana
Nā ʻāpana: ʻO nā huahana uila i hana ʻia me ka ʻole o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke ʻano molekula o ka mea i kapa ʻia nā ʻāpana.

Mea Hana: ʻO kahi huahana e hoʻololi i ke ʻano molekala o kahi mea i ka wā i hana ʻia ai ua kapa ʻia he mea hana.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana uila hou e pili ana i nā kaʻina physicochemical he nui, a he nui nā mea hana uila he mau mea non-metallic inorganic, a ʻo ke kaʻina hana e hui pū ʻia me nā loli i ka ʻano aniani.

ʻIke loa, ʻaʻole ʻepekema kēia ʻokoʻa.
Hoʻokaʻawale kekahi poʻe mai ka hiʻohiʻona o ka hui
ʻĀpana: ʻO kahi huahana me ke ʻano hana hoʻokahi wale nō a me kahi ʻano hana hoʻokahi i kapa ʻia he ʻāpana.

Mea Hana: ʻO kahi huahana i hui ʻia i ʻelua a ʻoi aku paha nā mea i hui ʻia e hana i kahi huahana me nā hiʻohiʻona hana ʻokoʻa ma mua o kahi ʻāpana hoʻokahi i kapa ʻia he mea hana.
Wahi a kēia ʻokoʻa, ʻo nā resistors, capacitors, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i nā ʻāpana, akā nā resistors, capacitors a me ke kāhea me ka manaʻo o ka "mea hana" huikau, a me ka puka ʻana o ke kū'ē, capacitance a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o nā ʻāpana kūʻē, kēia ʻano ʻokoʻa. lilo i kumu ole.

Hoʻokaʻawale kekahi poʻe mai ka pane ʻana i ke kaapuni
Hiki i kēia manawa ke hoʻololi i ka amplitude frequency a i ʻole ke hoʻololi i ke kahe o kēlā me kēia ʻāpana i kapa ʻia nā mea hana, i kapa ʻia nā ʻāpana.

E like me ka triode, thyristor a me ka hoʻopili i hoʻohui ʻia nā mea hana, ʻoiai nā mea pale, capacitors, inductors, etc.

Ua like kēia ʻokoʻa me ka hoʻokaʻawale honua o nā mea hana maʻamau a me nā ʻāpana passive.

ʻOiaʻiʻo, paʻakikī ke hoʻokaʻawale pono ma waena o nā ʻāpana a me nā mea hana, no laila i kapa ʻia nā ʻāpana, i kapa ʻia ʻo nā ʻāpana ma!
He aha ka ʻāpana ʻokoʻa?
ʻO nā ʻāpana discrete ke kū'ē i nā kaapuni hoʻohui (ICs).
ʻO ka ʻenehana hoʻomohala ʻenehana uila, ma muli o ka puka ʻana mai o nā kaapuni hoʻohui semiconductor, ʻelua mau lālā nui o nā kaʻa uila: nā ʻāpana hoʻohui a me nā ʻāpana discrete circuit.
ʻO ka circuit Integrated Circuit (IC Integrated Circuit) kahi ʻano kaapuni i koi ʻia i ka transistor, resistance and capacitive sense components a me nā uwea i hui pū ʻia, i hana ʻia i loko o kahi liʻiliʻi a i ʻole liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi semiconductor wafer a dielectric substrate, i hoʻopili ʻia ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa, me ka hana kaapuni o ʻāpana uila.

Nā ʻāpana ʻokoʻa
ʻO nā ʻāpana discrete nā ʻāpana uila maʻamau e like me nā resistors, capacitors, transistors, etc., hui pū ʻia i nā ʻāpana discrete.ʻO nā ʻāpana ʻokoʻa he hana hoʻokahi, ʻāpana "ka liʻiliʻi", ʻaʻohe ʻāpana ʻē aʻe i loko o ka ʻāpana hana.

Nā mea hana a me nā ʻāpana passive o ka ʻokoʻa
Loaʻa i nā ʻāpana uila honua ke ʻano hoʻohālikelike
Nā Mea Hana: ʻO ka Active Components e pili ana i nā mea hiki ke hana i nā hana ikaika e like me ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā hōʻailona uila, ka oscillation, ka mana o ka hāʻawi ʻana i kēia manawa a i ʻole ka ikehu, a me ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā hana ʻikepili a me ka hana ʻana ke hāʻawi ʻia ka ikehu.

Loaʻa nā ʻāpana ʻeleu i nā ʻano transistors like ʻole, integrated circuit (ICs), video tubes, a me nā hōʻike.
Nā ʻĀpana Passive: ʻO nā ʻāpana Passive, ʻokoʻa me nā mea hana, he mau mea hiki ʻole ke hauʻoli e hoʻonui a hoʻoulu i nā hōʻailona uila, a ʻo ka pane ʻana i nā hōʻailona uila he passive a haʻahaʻa, a ʻo nā hōʻailona uila e hele i nā ʻāpana uila e like me ko lākou ʻano kumu kumu. .
ʻO nā resistors maʻamau, capacitors, inductors, etc.
Nā mea hana a me nā ʻāpana passive o ka ʻokoʻa
E like me ka hoʻokaʻawale honua ma waena o nā mea hana a me nā passive, ʻo ka ʻāina nui ʻo Kina ka mea maʻamau i kapa ʻia nā mea hana a me nā passive
Nā mea hana
ʻO nā mea hana e pili ana i nā mea hana.
ʻO ka Triode, thyristor a me ka circuit circuit a me nā ʻāpana uila ʻē aʻe e hana, ma kahi o ka hōʻailona hoʻokomo, pono e loaʻa i ka mana excitation e hana pono, i kapa ʻia nā mea hana.
Hoʻopau pū nā mea ʻeleu i ka ikehu uila iā lākou iho, a ʻo nā mea hana mana kiʻekiʻe e hoʻolako pinepine ʻia me nā mea wela.
Nā ʻāpana passive
ʻO nā ʻāpana passive ka mea kūʻē i nā ʻāpana passive.
Hiki i nā resistors, nā capacitors a me nā inductors ke hana i nā hana i koi ʻia ke loaʻa kahi hōʻailona ma ke kaapuni, a ʻaʻole koi i kahi mana hoʻohiwahiwa o waho, no laila ua kapa ʻia lākou nā mea passive.
ʻAi liʻiliʻi ka ikehu uila iā lākou iho a i ʻole e hoʻololi i ka ikehu uila i nā ʻano ikehu ʻē aʻe.
ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā mea pili kaapuni a me nā mea pili
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻōnaehana passive i nā ʻōnaehana uila i nā ʻano mea kaapuni a me nā ʻano pili pili e like me ka hana kaapuni a lākou e hana ai.
Kaapuni
Nā mea pili
Palekana
mea hoʻohui
capacitor capacitor
Socket
mea hoʻokomo inductor